Rodless conveyor belt or chain

ABSTRACT

A modular link ( 10 ) or link section for use in forming a riddles conveyor belt or a section thereof is provided. In one embodiment, the link section is unitary and includes a plurality of laterally-repeating link-shaped portions ( 16 ), each including an apex portion ( 14 ) and a pair of leg portions ( 22, 24 ). Each apex portion includes a receiver ( 18 ) for receiving an integral first connector ( 36 ) extending between the leg portions of a next-adjacent link or link section, preferably in snap-fit engagement, such that relative pivoting movement is established. A second integral connector ( 40 ) may be provided between the leg portion of each adjacent apex portion to create an engagement surface for a tooth of a drive or idler sprocket(s). The underside surface of each link section may also be specially contoured or curved to facilitate smooth passage over a guide structure (B), such as a small diameter, cylindrical nosebar or the like.

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional PatentApplication Ser. Nos. 60/359,582, filed Feb. 26, 2002, 60/423,067, filedNov. 1, 2002, and 60/435,221, filed Dec. 18, 2002.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to the conveyor art and, moreparticularly, to a modular link or link section for forming a “rodless”conveyor belt or chain, including a portion or section thereof.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Today, in many modern manufacturing facilities, modular conveyor systemsare extensively utilized to transport articles to and from various workstations during all stages of production. In recent years, manufacturersusing production lines with conveyors as an integral component of thematerial handling system have realized reasonably significant gains inproductivity and resource utilization. As a result, modular conveyorsystems have become even more widely implemented and have been adaptedto meet an even wider scope of the material handling needs of producersof a multitude of consumer and industrial goods. Therefore, thecontinual development of improved modular conveyors is necessary inorder to keep pace with the demands and expectations of the users ofsuch conveyors.

Conventional conveyor systems employing endless, modular link or rollerbelts or chains are typically driven at one end of an elongated guidestructure, such as a rail or the like supported above the ground by aframe. The driving force is transmitted from a motive device, such as avariable speed electric motor, to a plurality of gang-driven sprocketscoupled to a rotating drive structure, such as a shaft or drum. At theopposite end of the guide structure, idler sprockets are coupled to afreely-rotating idler shaft or drum. As should be appreciated, the driveand idler sprockets assist in supporting and guiding the endless belt orchain as it makes the transition from the forward run to the return run,or vice versa, at each respective end of the guide structure.Intermediate drive units, including frictional drives, may also be usedin place of or in addition to the end drive unit.

Oftentimes, the belts or chains used in such conveyors are formed of aplurality of laterally repeating modular links, or unitary link sectionscomprising a plurality of laterally repeating link-shaped structures(collectively referred to as “links”). The links are typically formed ofa low-cost, high strength, wear resistant material, such as Acetal orUHMW polypropylene). To form the belt, a plurality of links or linksections are positioned in interdigitating, longitudinally repeatingTOWS. Each row is then connected to the adjacent row by a transverseconnecting rod that projects through one or more apertures in a first,usually leading portion of a first link or link section and one or moreapertures or slots in a second, or trailing portion of the next-adjacentlink or link section. At both lateral ends of each row, a slot isprovided for receiving a locking structure, such as a tab, that holdsthe transverse connector rod in place. Similar types of links andbelts/chains formed thereof may be found in commonly assigned U.S. Pat.Nos. 4,953,693 and 5,031,757, the disclosures of which are incorporatedherein by reference. Due to their low-cost, adaptability and longservice life, belts or chains formed in this fashion have gainedwidespread acceptance among those seeking conveying solutions.

In the past, others have recognized the potential value of a belt formedof a plurality of interconnected links, yet capable of behaving almostlike it is formed of a continuous piece of material, such as a fabric.One example is found in U.S. Pat. No. 5,967,296 to Dolan, whichdiscloses a belt including a plurality of link sections, each havinglaterally and longitudinally offset spherical beads with apertures forreceiving a plastic transverse connector rod. Once inserted through thealigned apertures in a pair of interdigitated link sections, both endsof the connector rod are mutilated, such as by melting the ends and thensmashing them against the end of the adjacent link section. Themutilated ends capture the rod in place between the link sections toform a belt section.

While the belt disclosed in the '296 patent is ostensibly capable ofbehaving more like a continuous piece of material than a conventionalmodular link conveyor belt, significant disadvantages exist with thisapproach. The primary disadvantage is the need for an extraordinarynumber of man hours to form the belt. In particular, the assembler mustposition two link sections adjacent to each other, align them in aninterdigitated relationship, and then thread the narrow plastic rodthrough the aligned apertures. Since there are no locking tabs or thelike, both ends of the connector rod must then be mutilated to ensurethat it remains held in place. These actions must be repeated hundredsof times to form the belt, which greatly contributes to themanufacturing time, effort, and expense. Also, if even a singletransverse rod is not correctly installed, such as if the mutilationoperation is not carried out properly, it can slide out of position overtime and possibly allow for a complete failure of the belt or chain. Ofcourse, such a failure contributes to deleterious downtime, and thesteps required to complete a repair operation are as time-consuming anddifficult as the original assembly operation. Depending on thecircumstances, the mutilated end may also inhibit one link section fromfreely pivoting relative to the next-adjacent link section.

In the past, others have proposed different types of conveyor chain orbelts that eliminate the need for the transverse connector rod. Forexample, a compressible “rodless” belt in which each link includesopposed integral stub shafts that are loosely received in opposedbox-shaped structures on the next-adjacent link is shown in AshworthBrothers' U.S. Pat. No. 4,394,901 to Roinestad. While this type ofarrangement generally serves a particular need or purpose, it is notwithout limitations. For example, the links disclosed in the '901 patentare not readily adaptable for being scaled down to create a “micropitch”belt or chain, since each includes many intricate features that would beexceptionally difficult to replicate in a substantially smaller version(e.g., a link that is less than about 6 millimeters in height).Moreover, in the case of lightweight plastic materials, the strength ofstructures such as the opposed integral stub shafts projecting from eachlink maybe compromised if made substantially smaller. Theheight-to-pitch ratio of the belt depicted in that patent is also low(e.g., 5 millimeters/27 millimeters, or around 0.25), which means thatit is not well-suited for traversing over structures having a smallradius of curvature, such as the rounded end of a bed in a transferconveyor, a nose bar, or like structure.

Accordingly, a need is identified for an improved variety of modularlinks or link sections capable of being interconnected without the needfor separate transverse connecting rods to form a relatively wide“rodless” belt. This would greatly reduce the assembly time, effort andexpense without substantially compromising the durability, strength, orservice life of the resulting belt or chain. In cases where the links orlink sections are formed of plastic materials, the use of integralconnectors formed of the same materials would also result in a weightsavings per unit length as compared to the conventional modular linkbelt including metal (stainless steel) transverse connector rods.Forming the belt or chain from a plurality of links or link sections tocreate a relatively wide conveying surface, and possibly one with acompletely flat top portion, would facilitate receiving and transportingmany different types of articles, including possibly as salt of atransfer assembly positioned between the ends of two adjacent conveyors.Driving the belt or chain could also be accomplished using a sprocket ora friction drive, which would enhance the versatility and concomitantlyincrease the options available to the conveyor system designer. Theelimination of the connector rods would also greatly facilitate forminga “micropitch” belt or chain using such links or link sections, whichcould be used in regular conveyors, transfer conveyors, or the like.Overall, a “rodless” belt or chain having these capabilities wouldfulfill a long-felt need by solving the various problems and addressingthe limitations of prior art belts or chains identified in the foregoingdiscussion.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In accordance with a first aspect of the invention, a modular linksection for intended use in coupling with an adjacent link or linksection to form a part of a conveyor belt for conveying articles orproducts is disclosed the link section comprises a unitary bodyincluding a plurality of laterally repeating link-shaped portions. Eachlink-shaped portion includes a surface capable of engaging or assistingin supporting the articles or products being conveyed, a pair of legportions, at least one first integral connector extending between theleg portions, and a receiver capable of receiving a portion of theadjacent link in snap-fit engagement. The snap-fit engagement allows forthe easy and secure assembly of the link or link section with theadjacent one to form the part of the conveyor belt.

In one embodiment, the receiver includes an oversized entryway andopposed, inwardly sloping or tapered sidewalls that form a neck. In use,the portion of the adjacent link section passes through the oversizedentryway, along the inwardly sloping sidewalls, and snaps past the neckto become captured in the receiver, thereby creating the desiredsnap-fit engagement. The leg portions of each link-shaped portion mayalso include an outer sidewall, and a second integral connector may beprovided between the outer sidewall of one leg portion of a firstlink-shaped portion and the adjacent outer sidewall of one leg portionof a second, adjacent link-shaped portion. The second integral connectoris adapted for engaging a tooth on a drive or idler sprocket for drivingor guiding the belt.

In accordance with a second aspect of the invention, a unitary modularlink for intended use in coupling with an adjacent link to form a partor section of a conveyor belt for conveying articles or products isdisclosed. The link comprises a plurality of laterally repeating apexportions, each including a surface capable of engaging or assisting insupporting the articles or products being conveyed. A pair of legportions extend from each apex portion, and at least one integralconnector is positioned between the leg portions. Each apex portionincludes a receiver capable of receiving a portion of the adjacent linkin snap-fit engagement. This allows for the easy and secure assembly ofthe link with the adjacent link to form the part or section of theconveyor belt.

In one embodiment, the receiver in each apex portion includes anoversized entryway and opposed, inwardly sloping or tapered sidewallsthat form a neck. Accordingly, the portion of the adjacent link passesthrough the oversized entryway, along the sloping sidewalls, and snapspast the neck to become captured in the receiver and create the desiredsnap-fit engagement. The leg portions of each apex portion may furtherinclude an outer sidewall. A second integral connector is providedbetween the outer sidewall of one leg portion of a first apex portionand the adjacent outer sidewall of one leg portion of a second, adjacentapex portion. The second integral connector is adapted for engaging atooth on a drive or idler sprocket for driving or guiding the belt.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, each apex portion includes apair of outer sidewalls, each having a taper in the vertical plane.Moreover, each leg portion includes an inner sidewall having a slopethat corresponds to the taper. Hence, when two links constructed in thismanner are interconnected, the sidewalls cooperate or match and permit aparticular degree of relative pivoting movement.

In accordance with a third aspect of the invention, a unitary modularlink section for intended use in coupling with an adjacent link sectionto form a part or section of a conveyor belt for conveying articles orproducts is disclosed. The link section comprises at least two laterallyrepeating link-shaped portions adapted for engaging or assisting insupporting the articles or products. First and second leg portions alsoform a part of each link-shaped portion, and at least one first integralconnector extends between the first and second leg portions. A secondintegral connector is also provided between the first leg portion of afirst link-shaped portion and the adjacent, second leg portion of asecond link-shaped portion. Each link-shaped portion further includes areceiver capable of receiving and capturing a portion of thenext-adjacent link section.

In one embodiment, the first and second integral collectors aresubstantially cylindrical, with the second integral connector beinglarger in diameter than the first integral connector. In any case, eachfirst connector is adapted for being received in a receiver of the nextadjacent link or link section. Likewise, each second connector isadapted for being engaged by a tooth on a drive or idler sprocket fordriving or guiding the belt.

In accordance with a fourth aspect of the invention, a modular linkconveyor belt section for intended use in forming a part of an endlessconveyor belt for conveying articles or products is disclosed. The beltsection comprises a plurality of unitary link sections. Each linksection includes a plurality of laterally repeating link-shapedportions, each having a surface for engaging or assisting in supportingthe articles or products, a pair of leg portions, and at least one firstintegral connector. The link-shaped portions of a first one of the linksections each further include a receiver for receiving the firstintegral connector of a second, adjacent link section in snap-fitengagement, such that the first link section is capable of pivotingmovement relative to the second link section. The snap-fit engagementallows for the easy and secure assembly of the link sections to form theconveyor belt section.

In one embodiment, the first integral connector extends between the legportions of the second link section, and the receiver of eachlink-shaped portion on the first link section includes an oversizedentryway and inwardly sloping sidewalls forming a neck. Hence, eachfirst integral connector of the second link section passes through theoversized entryway, along the sloped sidewalls, and snaps past the neckto become captured in the receiver and form the desired snap-fitengagement. The leg portions of each link-shaped portion on one or bothof the first and second link sections may include an outer sidewall anda second integral connector may be provided between the outer sidewallof one leg portion of a first link-shaped portion and the adjacent outersidewall of the leg portion of a second, adjacent link-shaped portion.The second integral connector provides a surface for engaging a tooth ona drive or idler sprocket for driving or guiding the belt.

In one particular embodiment, each link-shaped portion includes an apexportion having a pair of outer sidewalls, with each sidewall having ataper in the vertical plane. Each leg portion of the second link sectionincludes an inner sidewall having a slope that matches the taper.Consequently, the matching sidewalls facilitate relative pivotingmovement to a limited degree between the first and second link sections.

In another embodiment, the underside surfaces of the first and secondlink sections are specially contoured or curved. Consequently, whenthese link sections are pivoted a certain, preselected amount, theunderside surfaces may correspond to the contour of an adjacent guidestructure, such as a cylindrical nosebar. As a result, the belt sectionis capable of smoothly traversing over the guide structure.

Each link-shaped portion may further include an apex portion having agenerally arcuate or rounded nose and a matching recess. When twoadjacent link sections are interconnected, the nose of each apex portionon the first link section cooperates with the recess of each apexportion on the second link section during relative pivoting movement.Likewise, each leg portion may include a generally arcuate or roundedleading recess and a matching trailing surface. In use, the trailingsurface of each leg portion on the first link section cooperates withthe leading recess of each leg portion on the second link section duringrelative pivoting movement.

In accordance with a fifth aspect of the invention, a modular linkconveyor belt section for intended use in forming a part of an endlessconveyor belt capable of conveying articles or products and traversingover a guide structure having a relatively small diameter, such as anose bar, is disclosed. The belt section comprises a plurality of linksections, each including a plurality of laterally repeating link-shapedportions having a surface for engaging or assisting in supporting thearticles or products, a pair of leg portions, and an integral connector.The link-shaped portion of a first one of the link sections includes areceiver for receiving the integral connector of a second link sectionsuch that the first link section is capable of pivoting relative to thesecond link section. The underside surfaces of both of the first andsecond link sections are specially contoured or curved such that whenthe link sections are pivoted a preselected amount, a curved profile iscreate that corresponds to the contour of the guide structure. As aresult, smooth travel of the belt section over the guide structure isfacilitated.

In one embodiment, the integral connector extends between the legportions of the second link section and the receiver of each link-shapedportion on the first link section includes an oversized entryway andopposed, inwardly sloping sidewalls that form a neck. Hence, eachintegral connector of the second link section passes through theoversized entryway, along the sloping sidewalls, and snaps past the neckto become captured in the receiver and form the snap-fit engagement. Theleg portions of each link-shaped portion on one or both of the first andsecond link sections may include an outer sidewall and a second integralconnector may be provided between the outersidewall of one leg portionof a first link-shaped portion and the adjacent outer sidewall of theleg portion of a second, adjacent link-shaped portion. The secondintegral connector provides a surface for engaging a tooth on a drive oridler sprocket for driving or guiding the belt.

In one particular embodiment, each link-shaped portion includes an apexportion having a pair of outer sidewalls, with each sidewall having ataper in the vertical plane. Each leg portion of the second link sectionincludes an inner sidewall, with the inner sidewall having a slope thatmatches the taper. In use, the matching sidewalls facilitate relativepivoting movement to a limited degree between the first and second linksections.

In another embodiment, each link-shaped portion includes an apex portionhaving a generally arcuate leading nose and a matching recess. Whenadjacent link sections are interconnected, the nose of each apex portionon the first link section is positioned closely to and moves along therecess of each apex portion on the section link section during relativepivoting movement. Likewise, each leg portion includes a generallyarcuate leading recess and a matching trailing surface. In use, thearcuate leading recess of each leg portion on the second link section ispositioned closely to and moves along the trailing surface of each legportion on the first link section during relative pivoting movement.

In accordance with a sixth aspect of the invention, a unitary modularlink section for intended use in coupling with an adjacent link or linksection to form a part of a conveyor belt for conveying articles orproducts is provided. The link section comprises a plurality oflaterally repeating link-shaped portions, each having a surface capableof engaging or assisting in supporting the articles or products beingconveyed. A ratio of the height of each link-shaped portion to the widthof each link-shaped portion is about 3.75. The snap-fit engagementallows for the easy and secure assembly of the link section with thenext-adjacent link or link section to form the part of the conveyorbelt.

In accordance with a seventh aspect of the invention, a unitary modularlink section for intended use in coupling with an adjacent link or linksection to form a part of a conveyor belt for conveying articles orproducts is provided. The link section comprises a plurality oflaterally repeating link-shaped portions, each having a surface capableof engaging or assisting in supporting the articles or products beingconveyed. A ratio of the height of each link-shaped portion to the widthof each link-shaped portion is about 2.5. The snap-fit engagement allowsfor the easy and secure assembly of the link section with thenext-adjacent link or link section to form the part of the conveyorbelt.

In accordance with an eighth aspect of the invention, a unitary modularlink for intended use in coupling with first and second adjacent linksto form apart of a conveyor belt for conveying articles or products isdisclosed. The link comprises at least one laterally repeatinglink-shaped portion having a receiver for receiving the first adjacentlink in snap-fit engagement, a connector for connecting with the secondadjacent link, and a surface capable of engaging or assisting insupporting the articles or products being conveyed. The height of thelink is about six millimeters or less. The snap-fit engagement allowsfor the easy and secure assembly of the link section with thenext-adjacent link or link section to forming the part of the conveyorbelt.

In one embodiment, the height of the link-shaped portion is fourmillimeters and a width of each link-shaped portion is fifteenmillimeters. Either four or eight laterally-repeating link-shapedportions may be provided. This allows for a belt or chain formed of thelink sections to be easily created using the well-known brick-layeringtechniques.

In accordance with a ninth aspect of the invention, a unitary modularlink section for intended use in coupling with an adjacent link or linksection to form a part of a conveyor belt for conveying articles orproducts is disclosed. The link section comprises a plurality oflaterally repeating link-shaped portions, each having a surface capableof engaging or assisting in supporting the articles or products beingconveyed, a pair of leg portions, at least one first integral connectorextending between the leg portions, and a receiver capable of receivinga portion of the adjacent link section in snap-fit engagement. A secondintegral connector extends between the leg portions of adjacentlink-shaped portions and defines a portion of the article supportsurface, such that a substantially continuous or uninterrupted articlesupport surface is provided.

In accordance with a tenth aspect of the invention, a modular linkconveyor belt section for intended use in forming apart of an endlessconveyor belt capable of conveying articles or products is disclosed.The belt section comprises a plurality of link sections, each includinga plurality of laterally repeating link-shaped portions having a surfacefor engaging or assisting in supporting the articles or products, a pairof leg portions, and an integral connector. Each link-shaped portion ona first one of said link sections includes a receiver for receiving theintegral connector of a second link-shaped portion such that the firstlink section is capable of pivoting relative to the second link section.At least a portion of each link section is provided with a high-frictionconveying surface, and preferably one that is integrally formed with thelink section.

In accordance with an eleventh aspect of the invention, a modular linkconveyor belt section for intended use in forming a part of an endlessconveyor belt for conveying articles or products is disclosed. The beltsection comprises a plurality of link sections, each including aplurality of laterally repeating link-shaped portions. Each link-shapedportion includes a surface for engaging or assisting in supporting thearticles or products, a pair of leg portions, and at least one firstintegral connector. Each link-shaped portion on a first one of said linksections includes a receiver for receiving the first integral connectorof a second, adjacent link section in snap-fit engagement such that thefirst link section is capable of pivoting movement relative to thesecond link section. A second integral connector is provided between oneleg portion of a first link-shaped portion and the leg portion of asecond, adjacent link-shaped portion. The second integral connectordefines a portion of the conveying surface such that, when a pluralityof the link sections are interconnected, a substantially uninterrupted,flat-top conveying surface is provided.

In accordance with a twelfth aspect of the invention, a unitary modularlink section for intended use in coupling with an adjacent link or linksection to form a part of a conveyor belt for conveying articles orproducts is disclosed. The link section comprises a plurality oflaterally repeating link-shaped portions, each having a surface capableof engaging or assisting in supporting the articles or products beingconveyed, a pair of leg portions, at least one first integral connectorextending between the leg portions, and a receiver capable of receivinga portion of the adjacent link section in snap-fit engagement. A secondintegral connector extends between the leg portions of adjacentlink-shaped portions and defines a continuous portion of the articlesupport surface. Moreover, the article support surface of each linksection is convex or otherwise formed having a particular degree ofcurvature.

In accordance with a thirteenth aspect of the invention, a modular linkconveyor belt section for intended use in forming a part of an endlessconveyor belt capable of conveying articles or products is disclosed.The belt section comprises a plurality of link sections, each includinga plurality of laterally repeating link-shaped portions having a surfacefor engaging or assisting in supporting the articles or products, a pairof leg portions, and an integral connector. Each link-shaped portion ona first one of said link sections includes a receiver for receiving theintegral connector of a second link-shaped portion such that the firstlink section is capable of pivoting relative to the second link section.The article support surface of each link section is generally convex incross-section.

In accordance with a fourteenth aspect of the invention, a unitarymodular link section for intended use in coupling with an adjacent linkor link section to form a part of a conveyor belt for conveying articlesor products is disclosed. The link section comprises a plurality oflaterally repeating link-shaped portions, each having a surface capableof engaging or assisting in supporting the articles or products beingconveyed, a pair of leg portions, at least one first integral connectorextending between the leg portions, and a receiver capable of receivinga portion of the adjacent link section in snap-fit engagement. A secondintegral connector extends between the leg portions of adjacentlink-shaped portions and defines a portion of the article supportsurface. The article support surface further includes at least oneupstanding cleat.

In accordance with a fifteenth aspect of the invention, a modular linkconveyor belt section for intended use in forming a part of an endlessconveyor belt capable of conveying articles or products is disclosed.The belt section comprises a plurality of link sections, each includinga plurality of laterally repeating link-shaped portions having a surfacefor engaging or assisting in supporting the articles or products, a pairof leg portions, and an integral connector. Each link-shaped portion ona first one of said link sections includes a receiver for receiving theintegral connector of a second link-shaped portion such that the firstlink section is capable of pivoting relative to the second link section.Each link section is further provided with a generally upstanding cleat.

In accordance with a sixteenth aspect of the invention, a unitarymodular link section for intended use in coupling with an adjacent linkor link section to form a part of a conveyor belt for conveying articlesor products is disclosed. The link section comprises a plurality oflaterally repeating link-shaped portions, each having a surface capableof engaging or assisting in supporting the articles or products beingconveyed, a pair of leg portions, at least one first integral connectorextending between the leg portions, a receiver capable of receiving aportion of the adjacent link section in snap-fit engagement, and a pairof upstanding lugs. A second integral connector extends between the legportions of adjacent link-shaped portions and defines a portion of thearticle support surface.

In accordance with a seventeenth aspect of the invention, a modular linkconveyor belt section for intended use in forming a part of an endlessconveyor belt capable of conveying articles or products is disclosed.The belt section comprises a plurality of link sections, each includinga plurality of laterally repeating link-shaped portions having a surfacefor engaging or assisting in supporting the articles or products, a pairof leg portions, an integral connector, and a pair of upstanding lugs.Each link-shaped portion on a first one of said link sections includes areceiver for receiving the integral connector of a second link-shapedportion such that a first link section is capable of pivoting relativeto a second link section.

In accordance with an eighteenth aspect of the invention, a link forintended use in coupling with first and second adjacent links insnap-fit engagement to form a part of a conveyor belt or chain forconveying articles or products is disclosed. The link comprises a bodyincluding a receiver capable of receiving a portion of the firstadjacent link in snap-fit engagement, a connector adapted for beingreceived by the second adjacent link, and a surface capable of engagingor assisting in supporting the articles or products being conveyed. Aratio of the height of the body to a pitch of the link is about 1.0.More preferably, the ratio is about 0.8 to 1.2. Also, the pitch may bemeasured from substantially the center of the receiver to substantiallythe center of the connector of the link. The height of the link isbetween about 4-6 millimeters and the pitch of the link is about 5millimeters.

In accordance with a nineteenth aspect of the invention, a link forintended use in coupling with first and second adjacent links insnap-fit engagement to form a part of a conveyor belt or chain forconveying articles or products is disclosed. The link comprises a bodyincluding a receiver capable of receiving a portion of the firstadjacent link in snap-fit engagement, a connector adapted for beingreceived by the second adjacent link, and a surface capable of engagingor assisting in supporting the articles or products being conveyed. Aratio of the height of the body to a pitch of the link is greater than0.8 and less than 1.2.

In accordance with a twentieth aspect of the invention, a conveyor beltor chain is disclosed. The belt or chain comprises a plurality of links,each adapted for engaging one another in snap-fit engagement andincluding a body having a receiver capable of receiving a portion of afirst adjacent link in snap-fit engagement, a connector adapted forbeing received by a second adjacent link, and a surface capable ofengaging or assisting in supporting the articles or products beingconveyed. A ratio of the height of the body to a pitch of each link isabout 1.0. More preferably, the ratio is between about 0.8 and 1.2.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a slightly enlarged perspective view of a single link or linksection constructed in accordance with one possible embodiment of thepresent invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged side elevational view of the link or link sectionof FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged top plan view of the link or link section of FIG.1;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged front elevational view of the link or link sectionof FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged bottom plan view of the link or link section ofFIG. 1;

FIG. 6 a is an enlarged, partially cross-sectional side view of two ofthe links or link sections of FIG. 1 being interconnected to form a beltsection;

FIG. 6 b is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the twointerconnected links or link sections along line 6 b-6 b of FIG. 6 d;

FIG. 6 c is an enlarged side view showing the relative pivoting movementof one link or link section relative to the other when interconnected;

FIG. 6 d is an enlarged top plan view showing the two interconnectedlinks or link sections of FIG. 6 a;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged side view showing the manner in which thespecially contoured underside surface of each link or link sectionallows a belt section made of the links to smoothly traverse over arelatively small diameter guide structure, such as a nosebar;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged, partially cross-sectional side view showing onepossible manner of driving a belt comprised of a plurality of the linksor link sections of FIG. 1;

FIGS. 9 a-9 j show two different embodiments of the link including ahigh-friction surface for facilitating the conveyance of articles;

FIGS. 10 a-10 j show two different embodiments of the link-including aflat-top conveying surface;

FIGS. 11 a-11 c depict a version of the link with a curved top surface;

FIGS. 12 a and 12 b are perspective and cross-sectional side viewsshowing a version of the link with a cleat;

FIGS. 13 a and 13 b are perspective and cross-sectional side viewsshowing a raised-top version of the link; and

FIGS. 14 a-14 d are views of a link including a single link-shapedportion and two of such links connected together by way of snap-fitengagement to form a narrow-width belt or chain.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

With reference to the perspective view of FIG. 1, a link or link section10 (hereinafter “link section”) for use in forming an endless conveyorbelt C (see FIG. 8), such as for use as part of an overall conveyorsystem, is disclosed. As described further below, each link section 10is readily adapted for coupling with an identical, next-adjacent linksection, preferably in snap-fit engagement. This advantageously allowsfor the construction of a non-longitudinally-compressible, fixed length“rodless” conveyor belt (or sometimes referred to herein as a “chain”);that is, one in which the need for separate, removable transverseconnector rods typically required in modular link conveyor belts orchains is eliminated. Moreover, as will be understood after reviewingthe description that follows, the particular design of the link or linksection 10 disclosed herein is readily adaptable to being scaled up ordown, including to a relatively small size. When a plurality ofrelatively small link sections 10 are coupled together in an endlessfashion, a “micropitch” belt (i.e., one having a pitch of about 5millimeters, or otherwise capable of traversing over a nose bar having arelatively small diameter) results that is exceptionally strong andcapable of conveying even relatively heavy articles at moderately highspeeds. As will be further appreciated, an endless belt or chain formedof such link sections 10 behaves more like one formed of fabric, rubber,or like composite materials than one formed of a plurality ofinterconnected modular links or link sections. Yet, since the belt is“rodless,” the complicated and time-consuming assembly techniquescharacteristic of prior art approaches and the need for extrastructures, such as separate locking tabs, are avoided. The particularlink section 10 is also adapted for being driven by either a sprocket orfriction roller, including along both the forward and return runs of anendless conveyor system. This versatility not only enhances the optionsavailable to the conveyor designer, but also allows for the effectiveand efficient use of different types of drive units (includingintermediate drives for driving or assisting in driving a belt alongparticularly lengthy sections of the conveyor).

Turning first to the perspective view of FIG. 1, a single link or linksection 10 constructed in accordance with one possible embodiment of thepresent invention is disclosed. The link section 10 includes a pluralityof laterally repeating link-shaped portions 12 a . . . 12 n, four ofwhich (12 a, 12 b, 12 c, 12 d) are shown in the drawings for purposes ofillustrating one possible embodiment of the invention. With specificreference to link-shaped portion 12 a, it can be seen that it includes afirst projecting end or apex portion 14. This first end or apex portion14 preferably leads when used in forming a conveyor belt or chain,although it will be understood from the description that follows that abelt or belt section formed of a plurality of the link sections 10 a . .. 10 n (see FIGS. 6 d and 8) is readily capable of being drivenbidirectionally. The apex portion 14 includes a rounded nose 16 having agenerally arcuate, rounded, or curved leading surface and a receiver 18,the details of which are provided in the description that follows. Anupper surface 20 of the apex portion 14 when oriented as shown in FIG. 1may be substantially planar and, thus, forms a surface capable ofengaging or assisting in supporting the articles or products beingtransported (or possibly for engaging a drive roller when afriction-type drive is used).

At least two projections, which may be in the form of leg portions 22,24, project or extend from the apex portion 14. In the illustratedembodiment, these leg portions 22, 24 include a generally planar uppersurface 26 capable of engaging or assisting in supporting articles beingconveyed. Each leg portion 22, 24 further includes an outer sidewall 28,an inner sidewall 30, a leading recessed portion 32, and a trailingportion 34. Both portions 32, 34 may be generally arcuate, rounded orcurved. As will be understood more fully after reviewing the descriptionthat follows, the curvature of the leading recessed portion 32 maygenerally match the curvature of the trailing portion 34, such that theouter surfaces of these portions cooperate or mate together in aninterdigitating fashion without interference when two of the linksections 10 are interconnected and caused to pivot relative to oneanother.

Positioned between the inner sidewalls 30 of the leg portions 22, 24associated with each apex portion 14 is at least one first integralconnector 36. The first integral connector 36 may be a single,continuous, generally cylindrical piece of material that extends betweenand is integrally formed in the opposed inner sidewalls 30 of each legportion 22, 24. The first connector 36 is spaced from a recessed portion38 of the corresponding apex portion 14 (see FIG. 6 a). This recessedportion 38 is adapted for cooperating with the outer surface of therounded nose 16 on the apex portion 14 of a next-adjacent link and,thus, is also generally arcuate, rounded or curved (see FIG. 5).

In the illustrated embodiment, a second integral connector 40 extendsbetween the outer walls 28 of the adjacent leg portions 22, 24 and,thus, connects the adjacent, substantially identical link-shapedportions 12 a, 12 b, 12 c, 12 d to form the unitary link section 10. Thesecond integral connector 40, like the first one, may also bebarrel-shaped or cylindrical, but may be oversized as compared to thefirst connector 36. In certain applications, this may be desirable toensure that a strong connection is established between the adjacentlink-like or link-shaped portions 12 a . . . 12 n and that thearticle-carrying capabilities of the belt or chain are not compromised.As will further understood upon reviewing the description that follows,this second connector 40 may be designed for engaging a tooth on a driveor idler sprocket, when such a structure is used to drive or guide abelt formed of the link sections 10 a . . . . 10 n. However, in the casewhere a non-sprocket type (e.g., friction roller) drive and idlercombination is used, the connector need not have any particular shape orform.

Turning now to FIG. 2, the details of the receiver 18 formed in eachapex portion 14 in one possible embodiment of the link section 10 areillustrated. The receiver 18 may include an entryway 46 (preferablyoversized, but at a minimum sufficient to accommodate the firstconnector 36) and a pair of opposed sidewalls 48. The sidewalls 48 mayslope inwardly towards each other when viewed from the side and, thus,form a neck N through which a structure, such as the first integralconnector 36 of an adjacent link, may pass to create a snap-fitengagement. This snap-fit engagement is one of the many advantageousfeatures of this link section 10, since it creates a secure, strongconnection while avoiding the need for the removable-type of transverseconnector rod and locking tabs characteristic of many prior artproposals. As will be appreciated from reviewing the description thatfollows, the elimination of these parts means that the link section 10can be provided as a single, unitary piece, which facilitates scaling itup or down, including possibly for use as part of a “micropitch” belt orchain. Assembly of a belt section (or chain section, the terms “belt”and “chain” being used interchangeably throughout) using the linksections 10 is also made less time consuming and less expensive, both ofwhich are considered significant advantages.

With specific reference now to FIGS. 3, 4, and 5, it can be seen thateach apex portion 14 includes outer sidewalls 42 that may be tapered.Specifically, by comparing FIGS. 3 and 4, it is noted that these outersidewalls 42 are tapered in two different vertically oriented planes,including: (1) a first taper having its widest extent at the portion ofthe apex portion 14 adjacent to the leg portions 22, 24 and taperingtoward the nose portion 16 (FIG. 3); and (2) a second taper having itswidest extent at the upper surface 20 of the apex portion 14 andtapering toward the underside surface 44 of the link section 10. Asperhaps best shown in FIG. 3, the inner walls 30 of each leg portion 22,24 are also sloped so as match the taper of the sidewalls 42 (which inthis case, makes the inner walls outwardly divergent). Consequently,when two of the link sections 10 a, 10 b are interconnected to form abelt section 50 (such as is shown in FIGS. 6-8 and described furtherbelow), smooth, relative pivoting movement may result. However, becauseof the taper and matching slope of the sidewalls 30, 42, the degree towhich adjacent link sections 10 a, 10 b pivot relative to one anothermay be precisely controlled. In other words, a limit on the amount ofpivoting movement that can be achieved by one link section 10 a may becontrolled by providing the outer sidewalls 42 of the apex portion 14with a taper greater than or less than the slope of the correspondinginner sidewalls 30 of the next-adjacent link section 10 b.

Turning now to FIGS. 6 a and 6 b, the manner in which two or more of thelink sections 10 a . . . 10 n are interconnected to form the beltsection 50 is illustrated in detail. FIG. 6 a shows that two linksections 10 a, 10 b may be interconnected by positioning the firstintegral connectors 36 on each link-like portion 12 a . . . 12 d in theentryway 46 of the receiver 18 formed in each apex portion 14. It shouldbe appreciated from FIG. 6 a that the protruding nature of the noseportion 16 may interfere with an overhang created by the combination ofthe upper surface 20 of the apex portion 14 and the arcuate recessedportion 38 formed adjacent thereto. Hence, to position each firstconnector 36 in the entryway 46 of the corresponding receiver 18 in thisembodiment in the most efficient and effective manner, the second linksection 10 b should be positioned at an angle relative to the first linksection 10 a. From this position, gentle finger pressure may then beapplied to either or both of the link sections 10 a, 10 b (note actionarrow A in FIG. 6 a) such that each first connector 36 passes along thetapered sidewalls 48 and past the neck N to form a secure, snap-fitengagement in the receiver 18 (see FIG. 6 b).

In the preferred embodiment, the link sections 10 a, 10 b are fabricatedof lightweight, low-cost wear-resistant plastics materials (Acetal, UHMWpolypropylene, etc.). While these materials are generally rigid, thedesign of the apex portion 14 is such that the nose portion 16 iscapable of flexing outwardly relative to the remainder of the linksection 10 a or 10 b to at least a limited degree. Consequently, eachfirst connector 36 may pass through the neck N with the application ofonly a moderate amount of force (such as finger pressure), yet remainssecurely captured once in place in the receiver 18 as a result of the“snap-back” action that occurs once the connector passes the neck. Itshould also now be appreciated that providing the first integralconnector 36 with a smaller diameter relative to the second connector 40may be a desirable feature, since it may allow for the correspondingreceiver 18 to consume less of the material forming the apex portion 14and may contribute to the overall strength of the link section 10.

As can be appreciated from viewing FIG. 6 b, each receiver 18 isslightly oversized relative to the corresponding first connector 36.Accordingly, when the two link sections 10 a, 10 b are interconnected insnap-fit engagement, one is capable of pivoting relative to the other.Hence, once the desired snap-fit engagement is established between thereceivers 18 and the corresponding first connectors 36, thenext-adjacent link 10 b is simply rotated into position, with thecooperating leading recess portion 32 and curved trailing surface 34 onthe leg portions 22, 24 and the cooperating nose portion 16 and recessedportion 38 on the nested apex portions 14 freely moving relative to oneanother.

As perhaps best shown in FIG. 6 d, when two adjacent link sections 10 a,10 b are interconnected, the slight overhang that may optionally becreated by the upper surface 20 of the apex portion 14 of the first orleading link section 10 a advantageously serves to cover the arcuate orcurved nose 16 of the apex portion 14 of the next-adjacent, second, ortrailing link section 10 b. Likewise, an overhang may be created by theupper surface 26 of the leg portions 22, 24 of the second or trailinglink 10 b to partially cover the arcuate or curved trailing surface 34of the leg portions 22, 24 of the next-adjacent, first, or leading link10 a. The result is a generally planar and substantially continuousconveying surface between the link-shaped portions 12 of link sections10 a, 10 b capable of engaging, supporting, or assisting in supportingobjects, such as products or articles being conveyed.

In the illustrated embodiment, the link sections 10 a, 10 b are capableof pivoting through a range of approximately 85° (from about positive25° in the first quadrant to about negative 60° in the fourth quadrant(300° when measured from the horizontal or X-axis); note action arrow Pin FIG. 6 c and the position of phantom link section 10 a′). As notedabove, increasing or decreasing this range is possible by changing therelative orientation of the matching sidewalls 30, 42. For instance,orienting the sidewalls 30, 42 generally perpendicular to a transverseaxis and substantially parallel to each other may allow for a greaterdegree of pivoting movement. Likewise, changing the taper of onesidewall 30, 42 without making a corresponding change to the other mayserve to limit the degree of relative pivoting movement. The ultimatechoice depends on the characteristics desired for a particularapplication. In any case, it should be appreciated that an extreme rangeof pivoting may at the upper and lower ends result in a “closing up” thespace between the second integral connectors 40 for receiving a sprockettooth (see FIG. 8). Consequently, the range of pivoting provided shouldbe kept in check during the design process.

As perhaps best shown by viewing FIG. 6 b, an option is to form the linksections 10 a . . . 10 n with specially contoured or curved undersidesurfaces 44. Specifically, the lowermost portion 52 of the wall formingthe backside surface or recess 38 of each apex portion 14 preferablyslopes or curves upwardly to meet with the lowermost portion 54 of thesidewall 42 of the apex portion 14, which is gently sloped or rounded(see FIG. 5). The adjacent underside of each leg portion 22, 24 slopesor curves downwardly and then gently upwardly to form a rounded orbulbous lower surface 56 coextensive with the arcuate or curved rear ortrailing portion 34. As a result of this arrangement, when two or moreadjacent link sections 10 a, 10 b are thus pivoted a certain preselectedamount relative to one another (see angle a in FIG. 7, which is about126-127° in the illustrated embodiment), the specially contouredundersides match to provide the resulting belt section 50 with anessentially curved profile. As depicted in FIG. 7 with respect to onlytwo adjacent link sections 10 a, 10 b, this curved profile allows forthe belt section 50 to traverse smoothly over a rounded guide structure,such as the rounded end of a guide plate or a nosebar B, having arelatively small radius or diameter. For example, a belt section 50formed of link sections 10 a . . . 10 n having a height of 6 millimeterswhen measured from the bottom of the link (such as adjacent to thebulbous portion) to the top surface of the link and a pitch of 5millimeters (height-to-pitch ratio of about 1.2) can smoothly traverseover a cylindrical nosebar B or similar rounded structure (such as therounded edge of a generally flat plate) having a diameter of about 6millimeters, primarily due to the contoured or curved nature of theunderside surfaces 44 of the link sections. Preferably, the resultingcurved profile has a radius of curvature that matches that of theadjacent structure, such as nose bar B.

FIG. 8 shows the manner in which the teeth of a drive or idler sprocketS may engage the second integral connectors 40 a, 40 b on interconnectedlink sections 10 a, 10 b when a belt C formed of the links or linksections 10 a . . . 10 n is driven or guided in this manner. While theconveyor belt C is shown as being driven with the apex portion 14 as theleading portion and the leg portions 22, 24 in the trailing position(note action arrow F), it should be appreciated that a belt formed oflink sections 10 a . . . 10 n is easily capable of being driven in theopposite direction by simply reversing the direction in which thesprocket S rotates. Moreover due to the fact that the entire outersurface of each second integral connector 40 is fully exposed, it shouldbe appreciated that a conveyor belt C formed of a plurality of linksections 10 a . . . 10 n may be driven along the return run, includingby one or more sprockets (not shown) positioned external to thenow-inverted “upper” surface 20 of the apex portion 14. In this type ofarrangement, the use of tensioning/pinch rollers or like structures maybe desirable to ensure that the belt engages the sprocket(s). Of course,it is also possible to drive an endless belt formed of the link sections10 a . . . 10 n using a friction drive, with any engagement rollercontacting the underside surfaces 44, including the underside 56 of theleg portions 22, 24 at each end of the belt, or alternatively the uppersurfaces 20, 26 along the return run, such as if tensioning rollers orthe like are used (not shown). A different type of sprocket from the oneshown in FIG. 8, such as one essentially having a scalloped outersurface instead of teeth (not shown), may also be used.

For purposes of illustration, each link section 10 is shown as includingan optional partial or truncated integral connector 58 projecting fromthe outer sidewall 28 of the outermost link-shaped portions 12 a, 12 d.While this feature is optional, it may provide several advantages whenpresent, depending on the particular application. First of all, itprovides a surface for abutting with a guide structure, such as a guiderail, sidewall, or the like. Secondly, it may abut with a correspondingconnector 58 projecting from a laterally-adjacent link section (notshown) in situations where shorter link sections are “brick-layered”with longer link sections (not shown) (e.g., two link sections spacedlaterally side-by-side, each with four laterally repeating link-shapedportions, coupled to an upstream unitary link section having eightlaterally repeating link-shaped portions). In this type of arrangement,the abutting connectors 58 not only cover the void that would otherwiseexist between laterally adjacent link sections, but also provide astructure that may be engaged by a corresponding drive or idler sprocketpositioned at the center of the longer link section (e.g., between thefourth and fifth link-shaped portions, in the case where there are eighttotal). Thirdly, the connector 58 may be sized and shaped to fit intoand slide along a corresponding channel (not shown) formed in a guidestructure, such as a sidewall supported by a support structure such as aconveyor frame. This type of arrangement can also be used in assistingin supporting a belt formed of the link sections 10 a . . . 10 n alongthe return run of the conveyor, for providing guidance as it passesthrough an intermediate drive structure or the like, or for other typesof arrangements where simultaneously capturing, guiding, and supportinga moving belt is necessary.

FIG. 9 a-9 j shows two different embodiments of link sections 10 havinga high-friction conveying surface CS. FIGS. 9 a-9 e show a link section10 with four laterally-repeating link-shaped portions 12 a-12 d, andFIGS. 9 f-9 j show one with eight laterally repeating portions 12 a-12h. The two types of link sections 10 are thus readily adapted for beingformed into a belt or chain C in a brick-layered fashion (e.g., 4+4, 8,4+4, 8, etc.; 4+8+8, 8+8+4, 8+4+8, etc.). As illustrated with respect toboth embodiments, the high-function surface may be formed by providingdimples or dimple-like projections 60 in at least part of the apexportion 14 (such as the upper surface 20) and the leg portions 22, 24(such as the upper surface 26). The projections 60 may be formedintegrally during the molding process, or may be provided on separatestructures that are affixed to the link 10 (such as by co-molding oradhesives). Link sections 10 with projections 60 can also be combinedwith “regular” links or link sections to form a composite belt section.

Embodiments of a flat top link 100 with four and eight laterallyrepeating link-shaped portions 112 a-112 d, 112 a-112 h are shown inFIGS. 10 a-10 j. This link 100 differs from link 10 primarily in thateach second connector 140 present is in the form of a flat articlesupport surface, generally planar with the upper surfaces 120 of the legportions 122, 124 (which may also be considered to comprise part of thearticle support surface), rather than a “barrel-like” portion thatcreates a gap in the conveying surface. A first end 130 of this portionis preferably rounded and the corresponding second end 132 includes amatching curved face having a contour adapted for engaging the roundedfirst end of a next-adjacent link when the two are connected in snap-fitengagement. The underside of this connector 140 may include a portion142 adapted for being engaged by a drive or idler sprocket, which may berounded similar to the underside of the first connector 40 (see FIG. 5).The optional end stubs or truncated connectors 58 are also modified toinclude a flat-top portion 140 that completes the conveying surface. Theflat-top portion 140 may also include the underside portion 142 adaptedfor engaging a drive or idler sprocket.

As should be appreciated, when a plurality of these links areinterconnected, the result is a belt or chain C that includes anuninterrupted, generally flat or planar, article support surface. Thiscontinuous surface is particularly advantageous for use in applicationswhere food products are conveyed, such as baked goods, since the uppersurface of the chain can be cleaned by simply wiping it down. As shouldbe appreciated, the link 100 of this embodiment may also be providedwith a high-friction conveying surface in the manner previouslydescribed.

FIGS. 11 a-11 c show a “curved top” embodiment of a link 200. In thisembodiment, each link 200 maybe substantially similar in construction tothe flat top embodiment described above, but is provided with asubstantially continuous, generally convex or bowed article conveyingsurface 202. As perhaps best shown in FIG. 11 b, the contour of thissurface 202 may substantially match the contour of the underside portion204 of the link 200 (which provides it with a kidney-shapedcross-section; see FIG. 11 b). When a belt or belt section formed ofthese links 200 is wrapped around a structure, such as a nose bar B(shown in phantom in FIG. 11 c), the conveying surfaces of the pluralityof links (see, e.g., surfaces 202 a, 202 b, 202 c, and 202 d in FIG. 11c) follow the contour of the structure to form a generally circularconfiguration along the outer surface (see FIG. 11 a). This isadvantageous, in that as the belt or chain C formed of links 200 movesfrom the forward to the return run, or vice-versa, it presents acontinuously curving surface to an adjacent structure, such as thefingers on a bridge or other structure normally associated with atransfer conveyor. The belt or chain C of this embodiment formed of thelinks 200 essentially behaves more like a piece of fabric or clothpassing the transfer than one formed of regular pitch links with a flatsurface, which presents a varied or constantly changing surface to thebridge, transfer, or other structure. The convex conveying surface 202may be unitary with each link section 200, or may be a provided on aseparate component for attachment to a “regular” link section 10, 100,such as using welding, adhesives, snaps, or the like.

FIGS. 12 a and 12 b show a version of the link 300 in which a generallyupstanding cleat 302 forms part of the conveying surface. These links300 may be spaced with other, non-cleated links to form a belt or beltsection capable of selectively engaging and conveying articles of aparticular type or size. Alternatively, links without cleats may bebrick-layered with links 300 having cleats to form a specialized type ofconveying surface for engaging and conveying a particular variety ofarticles. The cleats 302 may be unitary or otherwise.

FIGS. 13 a and 13 b show a link 400 with a raised top surface in which apair of generally upstanding lugs 402 are provided on eachlaterally-repeating link section 404 or portion for assisting inengaging the articles being conveyed. The lugs 402 are generallyoriented in the direction of travel, and may be angled slightly toimprove their article-engaging capabilities. Instead of or incombination with raised top links, the use of brush top, scoop cleats,and laterally movable guides is also possible. The use of well-knowntypes of co-molding techniques to include a resilient insert in the bodyof each link or link section having one or more outwardly extending,resilient fingers to form a high friction surface is also possible.

In some of the drawing figures, the link sections 10, 100, 200, 300 areshown as being somewhat enlarged. In the most preferred embodiment, eachlink section 10 a, 10 b preferably has a height H of approximately 6millimeters (see FIG. 4), and most preferably has a lesser height ofabout 4 millimeters. Moreover, the width as measured from one end of thelink-shaped portion 12 d to the imaginary opposite end (which is at themidpoint of the second connector 40; see reference character W in FIG.4) is about 15 millimeters (which, in the case of the exemplary linkhaving a 4 millimeter height, makes the height to width ratio 1:3.75,and in the case of an exemplary link having a 6 millimeter height, makesthis ratio 2.5). Hence, four of the laterally repeating link-shapedportions 12 a-12 d (including the partial connectors 58) create a linksection 10 approximately 60 millimeters wide, and eight create a linksection approximately 120 millimeters wide. The distance from about thecenter of the receiver 18 to about the center of the first connector 36(see dimension D in FIG. 2, which generally defines the pitch of thelink and is usually what is referred to as the “pitch” of the belt orchain formed of the links) is most preferably 5 millimeters. Thus, the“height-to-pitch” ratio of a link (H/D) having this preferred range ofdimensions is about 1 when speaking in terms of one significant figureand, more specifically, from about 0.8 (4 millimeters/5 millimeters) toabout 1.2 (6 millimeters/5 millimeters) when speaking in terms of twosignificant figures. These exemplary ratios are provided without regardfor variations in tolerances that inevitably result from moldimperfections, wear, or the like. Moreover, it should be appreciatedthat all dimensions are provided merely for purposes of illustrating oneexemplary or most preferred embodiment, and are generally not designedto limit the invention being disclosed in any way.

A conveyor belt or chain C formed of the link sections 10 a . . . 10 nmay be supported and guided using any conventional arrangement,including well-known types of support beds, rails, or the like. Insteadof stub connectors 58, it is also possible to adapt the ends of the linksection 10 to include depending side and with inwardly projecting guidetabs for engaging a guide rail (not shown), as disclosed in the commonlyassigned '693 and '757 patents. As should be appreciated, a “regular”sized, non-“micropitch” link formed in accordance with the teachings ofthe present application is more amenable to having these types ofdepending and inwardly projecting structures, since weakening due to thesmaller dimensions may be less of a concern.

Numerous modifications are possible in light of the foregoing teachings.For example, as briefly noted above, it is possible to orient thesidewalls 30, 42 such that each is generally perpendicular to animaginary centerline axis extending through the transverse integralconnector rods 36, 40. This design may provide the adjacent links withmore freedom in terms of relative pivoting movement. Also, while fourlink-shaped portions 12 a-12 d are shown for purposes of illustration,it should be appreciated that as few as two may be included. The maximumnumber of link-shaped portions is limited only by constraints such asthe strength of the material used in forming the link sections (which ofcourse may vary depending on the size and the particular application).

Additionally, the number of second integral connectors 40 provided mayalso be adjusted as necessary or desired to achieve a particularpurpose. For example, in the case where there are four link-shapedportions 12 a-12 d, it is possible to provide a second integralconnector 40 between portions 12 a and 12 b and between portions 12 cand 12 d, each for engaging a corresponding drive or idler sprocket.Portions 12 b and 12 c can simply be merged together at the interfacebetween the outer sidewalls 28 of the corresponding leg portions 22, 24(not shown). In cases where a belt formed of the link sections 10 a . .. 10 n is not sprocket-driven, the second integral connectors 40 couldbe eliminated altogether, with the adjacent leg portions 22, 24 simplybeing merged together. However, in terms of ease of belt design andmanufacturing flexibility, it is preferable to create symmetrical linksections 10 a . . . 10 n that laterally repeat with the same predictablefrequency.

The relative size and width of the apex portion 14 and the leg portions22, 24 may also be changed as necessary to achieve a particular result.For example, in the case where a slightly stronger link section isrequired, it maybe beneficial to widen the leg portions 22, 24 andshorten the apex portion 14 in the transverse or width dimension. Thesizes, shapes, and relative orientations of the receiver 18 and theconnectors 36, 40 may also be changed as necessary, such as tostrengthen the link section 10 or achieve any other desired result. Itshould be further appreciated that, in the “regular” pitch version ofthe link section 10 formed of lightweight plastic materials, the use ofintegral connectors in place of the conventional stainless steelconnector rods may substantially reduce the weight of the resulting beltor chain C. This generally means that less support and driving force arerequired for a chain formed of these links or link sections 10, ascompared to one having stainless steel connector rods.

It is also possible to construct an embodiment of the link section 10 inwhich the first integral connector 36 is positioned between but does notextend completely from one inner sidewall 30 to the other. Instead, theconnector may comprise two opposed, spaced stub shafts (not shown, butsee partial projection 58) that project inwardly from each sidewall 30.With this embodiment, it should be further appreciated that the receiver18 may be divided by a wall or partition (not shown) into two receivers,one of which receives each stub shaft comprising the integral connector36. The wall or partition does serve to strengthen the resulting linksection 10, but is generally considered optional. This embodiment issomewhat less preferred, since the opposed stub shafts are considerablyweaker than the continuous connector 36, especially in the “micropitch”arrangement.

Also, it is fairly well-known in the art that the use of identicalplastic materials in each adjacent link section may result in squeaking.While this does not affect the operational characteristics orperformance of a belt or chain formed of these link sections, it can bean annoyance. Therefore, the desirability of forming the adjacentinterconnected link sections of two different types of plasticsmaterials is noted. It is believed to be a matter of ordinary or routineskill to select suitable plastic materials or combinations thereof toeliminate squeaking or to provide any other desirable characteristics.

Finally, in the case of links formed having the dimensions disclosedherein to create a “micropitch” belt (that is, one formed of linkshaving a height-to-pitch ratio of about 1.0), it is possible to provideonly one link-shaped portion 12 that interconnects with the link-shapedportions of first and second adjacent links or link sections 10 a, 10 bin snap-fit engagement to form a narrow-width belt or chain C. Examplesof such a link 10 and a chain C formed of links 10 a, 10 b are shown inFIGS. 14 a, 14 b, 14 c, and 14 d. A plurality of belts or chains formedof such links may then be arranged side-by-side and gang driven tocreate the conveyor.

The foregoing descriptions of the various embodiments of the link orlink section forming one aspect of the invention and the belt or chainsection forming another are presented for purposes of illustration anddescription. These descriptions are not intended to be exhaustive or tolimit the invention to the precise form disclosed. For example, theterms “apex” or “legs” are merely used to describe structures of eachlink section 10, and are not intended to limit the link section to aparticular shape, size, or orientation, or to limit the bidirectionaldriving capabilities of a belt formed of such link sections.Modifications or variations are also possible in light of the aboveteachings. The embodiments chosen were described to provide the bestapplication to thereby enable one of ordinary skill in the art toutilize the invention in various embodiments and with variousmodifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. All suchmodifications and variations are within the scope of the invention asdetermined by the appended claims when interpreted in accordance withthe breadth to which they are fairly, legally and equitably entitled.

1. A modular link section for intended use in coupling with an adjacentlink or link section to form a part of a conveyor belt for conveyingarticles or products, comprising: a unitary body including a pluralityof laterally repeating link-shaped portions, each having a surfacecapable of engaging or assisting in supporting the articles or productsbeing conveyed, a pair of leg portions, at least one first integralconnector extending between the leg portions, and a receiver capable ofreceiving a portion of the adjacent link section in snap-fit engagement,whereby the snap-fit engagement allows for the easy and secure assemblyof the link section with the adjacent link or link section to form thepart of the conveyor belt.
 2. The link section according to claim 1,wherein the receiver includes an oversized entryway and a pair ofopposed inwardly sloping sidewalls forming a neck, whereby the portionof the adjacent link section may pass through the oversized entryway,along the tapered sidewalls, and snaps past the neck to become capturedin the receiver and form the desired snap-fit engagement.
 3. The linksection according to claim 1, wherein the leg portions of eachlink-shaped portion include an outer sidewall and a second integralconnector is provided between the outer sidewall of one leg portion of afirst link-shaped portion and the adjacent outer sidewall of one legportion of a second, adjacent link-shaped portion, whereby the secondintegral connector is adapted for engaging a tooth on a drive or idlersprocket for driving or guiding the belt.
 4. A unitary modular link forintended use in coupling with an adjacent link to form a part of aconveyor belt for conveying articles or products, comprising: aplurality of laterally repeating apex portions, each including a surfacecapable of engaging or assisting in supporting the articles or productsbeing conveyed; a pair of leg portions extending from each said apexportion; and at least one integral connector positioned between the legportions associated with each apex portion; wherein each apex portionincludes a receiver capable of receiving a portion of the adjacent linkin snap-fit engagement, whereby the snap-fit engagement allows for theeasy and secure assembly of the link with the adjacent link to form thepart of the conveyor belt.
 5. The link according to claim 4, wherein thereceiver in each apex portion includes an oversized entryway and a pairof opposed inwardly sloping sidewalls forming a neck, whereby theportion of the next-adjacent link passes through the oversized entryway,along the sloping sidewalls, and snaps past the neck to become capturedin the receiver and form the desired snap-fit engagement.
 6. The linkaccording to claim 4, wherein the leg portions of each apex portioninclude an outer sidewall and a second integral connector is providedbetween the outer sidewall of one leg portion of a first apex portionand the adjacent outer sidewall of one leg portion of a second, adjacentapex portion.
 7. The link according to claim 4, wherein: each apexportion includes a pair of outer sidewalls, each having a taper in thevertical plane; each leg portion includes an inner sidewall having aslope that corresponds to the taper.
 8. A unitary modular link sectionfor intended use in coupling with an adjacent link section to form apart of a conveyor belt for conveying articles or products, comprising:at least two laterally repeating link-shaped portions, each including anapex portion adapted for engaging or assisting in supporting thearticles or products, first and second leg portions extending from eachapex portion, at least one first integral connector positioned betweenthe first and second leg portions of each link-shaped portion, and asecond integral connector extending between the first leg portion of afirst apex portion and the adjacent second leg portion of a secondlink-shaped portion.
 9. The link section according to claim 8, whereinthe first and second integral connectors are substantially cylindrical,and said second integral connector is larger in diameter than the firstintegral connector.
 10. The link section according to claim 8, whereineach first connector is adapted for being received in a receiver of theadjacent link section and each second connector is adapted for beingengaged by a tooth on a drive or idler sprocket for driving or guidingthe belt.
 11. A modular link conveyor belt section for intended use informing a part of an endless conveyor belt for conveying articles orproducts, comprising: a plurality of unitary link sections, eachincluding a plurality of laterally repeating link-shaped portions, andeach having a surface for engaging or assisting in supporting thearticles or products, a pair of leg portions, and at least one firstintegral connector; wherein each link-shaped portion on a first one ofsaid link sections includes a receiver for receiving the first integralconnector of a second, adjacent link section in snap-fit engagement suchthat the first link section is capable of pivoting movement relative tothe second link section; whereby the snap-fit engagement allows for theeasy and secure assembly of the link sections to form the conveyor beltsection.
 12. The belt section according to claim 11, wherein: the firstintegral connector extends between the leg portions of each link-shapedportion of the second link section; and the receiver of each link-shapedportion on the first link section includes an oversized entryway and apair of opposed inwardly sloping sidewalls forming a neck, whereby eachfirst integral connector of the second link section passes through theoversized entryway, along the inwardly sloping sidewalls, and snaps pastthe neck to become captured in the receiver and form the desiredsnap-fit engagement.
 13. The belt section according to claim 11,wherein: the leg portions of each link-shaped portion on one or both ofthe first and second link sections include an outer sidewall; and asecond integral connector is provided between the outer sidewall of oneleg portion of a first link-shaped portion and the adjacent outersidewall of the leg portion of a second, adjacent link-shaped portion,whereby the second integral connector provides a surface for engaging atooth on a drive or idler sprocket for driving or guiding the belt. 14.The belt section according to claim 11, wherein: each link-shapedportion of the first link section includes an apex portion having a pairof outer sidewalls, each having a taper in the vertical plane; each legportion of the second link section includes an inner sidewall having aslope that matches the taper of the corresponding outer sidewall,wherein the matching sidewalls facilitate relative pivoting movement toa limited degree between the first and second link sections.
 15. Thebelt section according to claim 11, wherein the underside surfaces ofsaid first and second link sections are specially contoured or curvedsuch that when the link sections are pivoted a preselected amount, thecontoured or curved underside surfaces correspond to the contour of anadjacent guide structure, such as a nosebar, whereby smooth travel ofthe belt section over the guide structure is facilitated.
 16. The beltsection according to claim 11, wherein each link-shaped portion includesan apex portion- having a generally arcuate or rounded nose and amatching recess, whereby the nose of each apex portion on the first linksection cooperates with the recess of each apex portion on the secondlink section during relative pivoting movement.
 17. The belt sectionaccording to claim 11, wherein each leg portion includes a generallyarcuate or rounded leading recess and a matching trailing surface,whereby the trailing surface of each leg portion on the first linksection cooperates with the leading recess of each leg portion on thesecond link section during relative pivoting movement.
 18. A modularlink conveyor belt section for intended use in forming a part of anendless conveyor belt capable of conveying articles or products andtraversing over a guide structure having a relatively small diameter,such as a nose bar, comprising: a plurality of link sections, eachincluding a plurality of laterally repeating link-shaped portions havinga surface for engaging or assisting in supporting the articles orproducts, a pair of leg portions, and an integral connector; whereineach link-shaped portion on a first one of said link sections includes areceiver for receiving the integral connector of a second link-shapedportion such that the first link section is capable of pivoting relativeto the second link section; wherein the underside surfaces of said firstand second link sections are specially contoured or curved such thatwhen the link sections are pivoted a preselected amount, a curvedprofile is create that corresponds to the contour of the guidestructure, whereby smooth travel of the belt section over the guidestructure is facilitated.
 19. The belt section according to claim 18,wherein: the integral connector extends between the leg portions of eachlink-shaped portion of the second link section; and the receiver of eachlink-shaped portion on the first link section includes an oversizedentryway and a pair of opposed, inwardly sloping sidewalls forming aneck, whereby each integral connector of the second link section passesthrough the oversized entryway, along the inwardly sloping sidewalls,and snaps past the neck to become captured in the receiver and form thedesired snap-fit engagement.
 20. The belt section according to claim 18,wherein the leg portions of each link-shaped portion on one or both ofthe first and second link sections include an outer sidewall and asecond integral connector is provided between the outer sidewall of oneleg portion of a first link-shaped portion and the adjacent outersidewall of the leg portion of a second, adjacent link-shaped portion,whereby the second integral connector provides a surface for engaging atooth on a drive or idler sprocket for driving or guiding the belt. 21.The belt section according to claim 18, wherein: each link-shapedportion of the first link section includes an apex portion having a pairof outer sidewalls, each sidewall having a taper in the vertical plane;each leg portion of the second link section includes an inner sidewallhaving a slope that matches the taper of the corresponding outersidewall, wherein the matching sidewalls facilitate relative pivotingmovement to a limited degree between the first and second link sections.22. The belt section according to claim 18, wherein each link-shapedportion includes an apex portion having a generally arcuate or roundednose and a corresponding or matching recess, whereby the nose of eachapex portion on the first link section cooperates with the recess ofeach apex portion on the second link section during relative pivotingmovement.
 23. The belt section according to claim 18, wherein each legportion includes a generally arcuate leading recess and a matchingtrailing surface, whereby the arcuate leading recess of each leg portionon the first link section cooperates with the trailing surface of eachleg portion on the second link section during relative pivotingmovement.
 24. A unitary modular link section for intended use incoupling with an adjacent link or link section to form a part of aconveyor belt for conveying articles or products, comprising: aplurality of laterally repeating link-shaped portions, each having asurface capable of engaging or assisting in supporting the articles orproducts being conveyed, wherein a ratio of the height of eachlink-shaped portion to the width of each link-shaped portion is about3.75; whereby the snap-fit engagement allows for the easy and secureassembly of the link section with the next-adjacent link or link sectionto form the part of the conveyor belt.
 25. A unitary modular linksection for intended use in coupling with an adjacent link or linksection to form a part of a conveyor belt for conveying articles orproducts, comprising: a plurality of laterally repeating link-shapedportions, each having a surface capable of engaging or assisting insupporting the articles or products being conveyed, wherein a ratio ofthe height of each link-shaped portion to the width of each link-shapedportion is about 2.5; whereby the snap-fit engagement allows for theeasy and secure assembly of the link section with the next-adjacent linkor link section to form the part of the conveyor belt.
 26. A unitarymodular link for intended use in coupling with first and second adjacentlinks to form a part of a conveyor belt for conveying articles orproducts, comprising: at least one link-shaped portion having a receiverfor receiving the first adjacent link in snap-fit engagement, aconnector for connecting with the second adjacent link, a surfacecapable of engaging or assisting in supporting the articles or productsbeing conveyed, and a height of about six millimeters or less; wherebythe snap-fit engagement allows for the easy and secure assembly of thelink section with the next-adjacent link or link section to form thepart of the conveyor belt.
 27. The link according to claim 26, whereinthe height of the link-shaped portion is about four millimeters and awidth of the link-shaped portion is about fifteen millimeters.
 28. Thelink according to claim 27, wherein four laterally-repeating link-shapedportions are provided.
 29. The link according to claim 27, wherein eightlaterally-repeating link-shaped portions are provided.
 30. A unitarymodular link section for intended use in coupling with an adjacent linkor link section to form a part of a conveyor belt for conveying articlesor products, comprising: a plurality of laterally repeating link-shapedportions, each having a surface capable of engaging or assisting insupporting the articles or products being conveyed, a pair of legportions, at least one first integral connector extending between theleg portions, and a receiver capable of receiving a portion of theadjacent link section in snap-fit engagement, wherein a second integralconnector extends between the leg portions of adjacent link-shapedportions and defines at least a portion of the article support surface;whereby a substantially continuous or uninterrupted article supportsurface is provided.
 31. A modular link conveyor belt section forintended use in forming a part of an endless conveyor belt capable ofconveying articles or products, comprising: a plurality of linksections, each including a plurality of laterally repeating link-shapedportions having a surface for engaging or assisting in supporting thearticles or products, a pair of leg portions, and an integral connector;wherein each link-shaped portion on a first one of said link sectionsincludes a receiver for receiving the integral connector of a secondlink-shaped portion such that the first link section is capable ofpivoting relative to the second link section; wherein at least a portionof each link section is provided with a high-friction conveying surface.32. The belt section according to claim 31, wherein the high-frictionconveying surface is integrally formed with the link section.
 33. Amodular link conveyor belt section for intended use in forming a part ofan endless conveyor belt for conveying articles or products, comprising:a plurality of link sections, each including a plurality of laterallyrepeating link-shaped portions, each said link-shaped portion having asurface for engaging or assisting in supporting the articles orproducts, a pair of leg portions, and at least one first integralconnector; wherein each link-shaped portion on a first one of said linksections includes a receiver for receiving the first integral connectorof a second, adjacent link section in snap-fit engagement such that thefirst link section is capable of pivoting movement relative to thesecond link section; wherein a second integral connector is providedbetween one leg portion of a first link-shaped portion and the legportion of a second, adjacent link-shaped portion.
 34. The belt sectionaccording to claim 33, wherein the second integral connector defines aportion of the conveying surface such that, when a plurality of the linksections are interconnected, a substantially uninterrupted, flat-topconveying surface is provided.
 35. A unitary modular link section forintended use in coupling with an adjacent link or link section to form apart of a conveyor belt for conveying articles or products, comprising:a plurality of laterally repeating link-shaped portions, each having asurface capable of engaging or assisting in supporting the articles orproducts being conveyed, a pair of leg portions, at least one firstintegral connector extending between the leg portions, and a receivercapable of receiving a portion of the adjacent link section in snap-fitengagement, wherein a second integral connector extends between the legportions of adjacent link-shaped portions and defines a continuousportion of the article support surface; wherein the article supportsurface of each link section is convex or otherwise formed having aparticular degree of curvature.
 36. A modular link conveyor belt sectionfor intended use in forming a part of an endless conveyor belt capableof conveying articles or products and traversing over a guide structurehaving a relatively small diameter, such as a nose bar, comprising: aplurality of link sections, each including a plurality of laterallyrepeating link-shaped portions having a surface for engaging orassisting in supporting the articles or products, a pair of legportions, and an integral connector; wherein each link-shaped portion ona first one of said link sections includes a receiver for receiving theintegral connector of a second link-shaped portion such that the firstlink section is capable of pivoting relative to the second link section;wherein the article support surface of each link section is generallyconvex in cross-section.
 37. A unitary modular link section for intendeduse in coupling with an adjacent link or link section to form a part ofa conveyor belt for conveying articles or products, comprising: aplurality of laterally repeating link-shaped portions, each having asurface capable of engaging or assisting in supporting the articles orproducts being conveyed, a pair of leg portions, at least one firstintegral connector extending between the leg portions, and a receivercapable of receiving a portion of the adjacent link section in snap-fitengagement, wherein a second integral connector extends between the legportions of adjacent link-shaped portions and defines a portion of thearticle support surface; wherein the article support surface includes atleast one upstanding cleat.
 38. A modular link conveyor belt section forintended use in forming a part of an endless conveyor belt capable ofconveying articles or products, comprising: a plurality of linksections, each including a plurality of laterally repeating link-shapedportions having a surface for engaging or assisting in supporting thearticles or products, a pair of leg portions, and an integral connector;wherein each link-shaped portion on a first one of said link sectionsincludes a receiver for receiving the integral connector of a secondlink-shaped portion such that the first link section is capable ofpivoting relative to the second link section; wherein each link sectionis provided with a generally upstanding cleat.
 39. A unitary modularlink section for intended use in coupling with an adjacent link or linksection to form a part of a conveyor belt for conveying articles orproducts, comprising: a plurality of laterally repeating link-shapedportions, each having a surface capable of engaging or assisting insupporting the articles or products being conveyed, a pair of legportions, at least one first integral connector extending between theleg portions, a receiver capable of receiving a portion of the adjacentlink section in snap-fit engagement, and a pair of upstanding lugs;wherein a second integral connector extends between the leg portions ofadjacent link-shaped portions and defines a portion of the articlesupport surface.
 40. A modular link conveyor belt section for intendeduse in forming a part of an endless conveyor belt capable of conveyingarticles or products and traversing over a guide structure having arelatively small diameter, such as a nose bar, comprising: a pluralityof link sections, each including a plurality of laterally repeatinglink-shaped portions having a surface for engaging or assisting insupporting the articles or products, a pair of leg portions, an integralconnector, and a pair of upstanding lugs; wherein each link-shapedportion on a first one of said link sections includes a receiver forreceiving the integral connector of a second link-shaped portion suchthat a first link section is capable of pivoting relative to a secondlink section.
 41. A link for intended use in coupling with first andsecond adjacent links in snap-fit engagement to form a part of aconveyor belt or chain for conveying articles or products, comprising abody including a receiver capable of receiving a portion of the firstadjacent link in snap-fit engagement, a connector adapted for beingreceived by the second adjacent link, and a surface capable of engagingor assisting in supporting the articles or products being conveyed,wherein a ratio of the height of the body to a pitch of the link isabout 1.0.
 42. The link according to claim 41, wherein the ratio isabout 0.8 to about 1.2.
 43. The link according to claim 41, wherein thepitch is measured from substantially the center of the receiver tosubstantially the center of the connector.
 44. The link according toclaim 41, wherein the height of the link is between about 4-6millimeters and the pitch of the link is about 5 millimeters.
 45. A linkfor intended use in coupling with first and second adjacent links insnap-fit engagement to form a part of a conveyor belt or chain forconveying articles or products, comprising a body including a receivercapable of receiving a portion of the first adjacent link in snap-fitengagement, a connector adapted for being received by the secondadjacent link, and a surface capable of engaging or assisting insupporting the articles or products being conveyed, wherein a ratio ofthe height of the body to a pitch of the link is greater than about 0.8.46. The link according to claim 45, wherein the ratio is less than about1.2.
 47. A conveyor belt or chain, comprising: a plurality of links,each adapted for engaging one another in snap-fit engagement andincluding a body having a receiver capable of receiving a portion of afirst adjacent link in snap-fit engagement, a connector adapted forbeing received by a second adjacent link, and a surface capable ofengaging or assisting in supporting the articles or products beingconveyed, wherein a ratio of the height of the body to a pitch of eachlink is about 1.0.
 48. The conveyor belt according to claim 47, whereinthe ratio is between about 0.8 and about 1.2.